Puccini’s penultimate opera, based on the play by David Belasco, and which marked a new stylish departure for him, is set at the height of the notorious Californian Gold Rush. The orchestration and musical colour of this opera represent a major advance on Puccini’s previous work, especially in the careful interweaving of Western elements into an altogether larger canvas than anything he had tackled before. In this recording Piero Faggioni’s highly detailed staging is matched by Ken Adam’s superbly atmospheric sets. Carol Neblett sings the role of Minnie – ‘The Girl of the Golden West’ – Placido Domingo is as ignitable as ever in the role of Dick Johnson, alias the bandit Ramirez, and Silvano Carroli is the sinister Sheriff, Jack Rance.
Madama Butterfly
One of Puccini’s most popular works, Madama Butterfly contains some of the composer’s loveliest music. Its themes of love and heartbreak are common in almost every human experience and its plethora of beautiful melodies make it immediately attractive to audiences everywhere. This superb Verona production is memorable both visually and musically, and brilliantly evokes the opera’s Japanese setting. Raina Kabaivanska as the tragic heroine and Nazzareno Antinori as her American husband Pinkerton, who deserts her, give performances that capture the profound but elegant drama of the work.
Manon Lescaut
Manon Lescaut is one of the world’s great love stories. It is a tragic tale of a beguiling young woman, torn between true love and a desire for wealth, who discovers she can’t have both. A young student, Des Grieux, meets the beautiful, but capricious, Manon. They fall in love and he saves her from abduction by a rich old roué. But Manon cannot resist the lure of wealth and later allows herself to be seduced by the old man. Before long, however, she is bored, and when Des Grieux appears, her love is reignited. When the old man catches them together, Manon is arrested and deported to Louisiana. The compassionate ship’s captain allows Des Grieux to go with her, and she dies in his arms in the desert.
Tristan und Isolde
This production of Wagner’s “Tristan und Isolde” was premiered at the 1981 Bayreuth Festival and recorded in its third year on the Bayreuth stage, in 1983. With the celebrated Wagner tenor René Kollo as Tristan and the American-born soprano Johanna Meier as Isolde, supported by Matti Salminen (King Marke), Hermann Becht (Kurwenal) and Hanna Schwarz (Brangäne), the production was an uncontested feast of vocal mastery. This was underscored by the “wondrous gold of the score” that “flowed from the orchestra pit in a luminous symphonic flow.” (Süddeutsche Zeitung) Responsible for the inspired and transparent musical direction is Daniel Barenboim, whose sensitive treatment of the orchestra provides the ideal counterpoint to the interpreters on the stage. In his interpretation of “Tristan und Isolde” – his one and only production for the Bayreuth Festival – the late Jean-Pierre Ponnelle refused to follow the fashionable trend of seeking to update a work at all costs. His interest lay chiefly in the psychological treatment of the action, whereby the sublimated love of Tristan and Isolde becomes a nocturne of emotional and psychological depth. His alteration of the end, in which the events of the third act are depicted as a dream sequence experienced by the dying Tristan, provoked considerable criticism in the first year, but was rendered more clearly understandable by Ponnelle in the following years. Ponnelle adapted his production for its audiovisual recording, ensuring that all the magical effects visible in the theater are as stunning and evocative on the screen.
Brahms, Piano Concerto No.1 in D minor, op.15
Between 1981 and 1984, Leonard Bernstein recorded nearly all of Brahms’s orchestral works with the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra to honor the 150th anniversary of the composer’s birth in 1983. Today, the cycle is considered as a landmark in the interpretation of Brahms’ music. For Bernstein, Brahms was “a true Romantic, containing his passions in classical garb”, but also a “North-German classicist swept away to Vienna, and fired by Danubian, Carpathian and gypsy passions”. Bearing this dualism in mind, Bernstein and the Vienna Philharmonic have underscored both the classicism and romanticism, the dramatic intensity and the sober restraint of Brahms’s music. The venue was Vienna’s Musikvereinssaal, where two of Brahms’s symphonies were premiered and where Brahms himself conducted. The soloist in Brahms’s concerto is the Polish pianist Krystian Zimerman, who launched his meteoric career when he won the Chopin Competition in Warsaw in 1975. An important influence in his youth was his friendship with Arthur Rubinstein, and other landmarks in his career arose through his work with conductors such as Bernstein, Giulini and Karajan.
Beethoven, Symphony No.4 in B flat major, op.60
Carlos Kleiber’s all too rare concert appearances are always musical occasions to cherish and remember. The vitality and precision of his authoritative gestures never fail to generate excitement and inspire playing of great élan from orchestras throughout the world. When Carlos Kleiber conducts the Concertgebouworkest of Amsterdam in Beethoven, one can expect a performance of intense musical concentration and exceptional expressive power. Carlos Kleiber made this recording with the Dutch orchestra in 1983, conducting Beethoven’s Fourth and Seventh Symphonies. The mesmeric command of this elusive conductor over his musicians is fascinating. With none of the excessive glamor of the star performer, Carlos Kleiber, with meticulous care for detail, creates clear instrumental textures, compelling rhythmic designs and magical moments of fine repose. This is spell-binding music-making. This is vintage Carlos Kleiber.
Mozart, Symphony No.31 in D major, K. 297 “Paris”
Unhappy with his situation in Salzburg, Mozart undertook a journey to Mannheim and Paris with his mother in 1778. The trip was overshadowed by tragedy – Mozart’s mother died in Paris – and was almost a complete failure. Almost, for it did give birth to a masterpiece like the “Paris Symphony,” written for the illustrious “Concerts Spirituels.” Knowing of the Parisians’ taste for brilliance and splendor, Mozart wrote a grand symphony for large orchestra, glowing with mellow woodwinds and ablaze with brass. A musician’s musician, an occasional firebrand and a constant paradox – Nikolaus Harnoncourt (born in 1929) is one of the most profound and intriguing conductors of our time. Considered one of the world’s leading specialists of Baroque music, he has long since turned his attention to Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, and even to Jacques Offenbach and Johann Strauss. He spent many years as a cellist with the Wiener Symphoniker before founding the “Concentus Musicus Wien” with his wife Alice in 1953. It soon became one of the world’s most respected ensembles specializing in the performance of early music on original instruments. In the 1970s, Harnoncourt joined forces with Jean-Pierre Ponnelle to stage a series of Monteverdi operas at the Zurich Opera House. This universally acclaimed cycle contributed to a renaissance of Monteverdi’s music and set standards for early Baroque performance practice. Harnoncourt later began to turn his attention more and more to the music of Mozart, whom he considers “the most romantic of all composers”. His concept of Mozart’s music ran counter to the prevailing 20th-century views, however. He sees Mozart’s music as “dramatic, dynamic, often directly and highly emotional.” The Vienna Philharmonic, known for its suave and gracious Mozartian interpretations, initially rebelled against Harnoncourt’s unconventional approach. Yet the compellingness of his vision soon came to be accepted and shared by all members of the orchestra.
Beethoven, Symphony No.7 in A major, op.92
Carlos Kleiber’s all too rare concert appearances are always musical occasions to cherish and remember. The vitality and precision of his authoritative gestures never fail to generate excitement and inspire playing of great élan from orchestras throughout the world. When Carlos Kleiber conducts the Concertgebouworkest of Amsterdam in Beethoven, one can expect a performance of intense musical concentration and exceptional expressive power. Carlos Kleiber made this recording with the Dutch orchestra in 1983, conducting Beethoven’s Fourth and Seventh Symphonies. The mesmeric command of this elusive conductor over his musicians is fascinating. With none of the excessive glamor of the star performer, Carlos Kleiber, with meticulous care for detail, creates clear instrumental textures, compelling rhythmic designs and magical moments of fine repose. This is spell-binding music-making. This is vintage Carlos Kleiber.
Robert Lowell
Lowell is regarded as America’s greatest poet of the post-war period. Literary critic lan Hamilton wrote the first biography to appear after his death in 1977 and this film looks at Lowell’s life and work through the process of his research. There are readings of his poems, together with contributions from intimate friends.
Kipling
Following a startling success with readings from St. Mark’s Gospel, the actor Alec McCowen played an extended one-man show at London’s Mermaid Theatre, portraying the writer Rudyard Kipling. Brian Clark, author of Whose life is it Anyway?, has interwoven Kipling’s fiction and poetry with his own writing to develop his portrait of this very private man. This film looks at a fascinating piece of theatre and at the complex and intriguing character of a great literary man.