Introduction: Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D major, BWV 1050

“I feel that the fifth Brandenburg Concerto is the most modern of all. Bach did borrow quite a bit of Vivaldi in it, but it does remain the first clavier concerto in music history. I consciously say ‘clavier’ concerto, since back then every keyboard instrument was called a clavier. So let’s call it a harpsichord concerto. But the idea of suddenly making a solo instrument out of an instrument that had been used in the ensemble only for the thoroughbass – I find that incredibly modern. This piece is no longer a concerto in which several soloists compete with each other and fight for preeminence. Here the harpsichord very clearly dominates. Bach played this part himself and must truly have felt like an emperor of music whose stature could be questioned by no one.” (Nikolaus Harnoncourt) Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, named after their dedicatee the Margrave Christian Ludwig von Brandenburg, have been part of Nikolaus Harnoncourt’s permanent repertoire ever since he founded his Concentus musicus ensemble. The ensemble has recorded them and played them on their tours throughout the world. The impulse which led Harnoncourt to establish the Concentus musicus in 1953 was his dissatisfaction with the traditional way of interpreting early music. The uncommon and sometimes radically different style of the Concentus musicus, as well as its exclusive use of historical instruments, secured the ensemble its international reputation. Harnoncourt introduces the concerto with a moving and fascinating analysis of the piece. Interesting musical examples, which Harnoncourt inserts in a humorous and relaxed manner, make this introduction an informative and entertaining guide to this masterpiece of music. The production was filmed in the historical Baroque monastery library in Wiblingen, Germany.

Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D major, BMV 1050

“I feel that the fifth Brandenburg Concerto is the most modern of all. Bach did borrow quite a bit of Vivaldi in it, but it does remain the first clavier concerto in music history. I consciously say ‘clavier’ concerto, since back then every keyboard instrument was called a clavier. So let’s call it a harpsichord concerto. But the idea of suddenly making a solo instrument out of an instrument that had been used in the ensemble only for the thoroughbass – I find that incredibly modern. This piece is no longer a concerto in which several soloists compete with each other and fight for preeminence. Here the harpsichord very clearly dominates. Bach played this part himself and must truly have felt like an emperor of music whose stature could be questioned by no one.” (Nikolaus Harnoncourt) Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, named after their dedicatee the Margrave Christian Ludwig von Brandenburg, have been part of Nikolaus Harnoncourt’s permanent repertoire ever since he founded his Concentus musicus ensemble. The ensemble has recorded them and played them on their tours throughout the world. The impulse which led Harnoncourt to establish the Concentus musicus in 1953 was his dissatisfaction with the traditional way of interpreting early music. The uncommon and sometimes radically different style of the Concentus musicus, as well as its exclusive use of historical instruments, secured the ensemble its international reputation. Harnoncourt introduces the concerto with a moving and fascinating analysis of the piece. Interesting musical examples, which Harnoncourt inserts in a humorous and relaxed manner, make this introduction an informative and entertaining guide to this masterpiece of music. The production was filmed in the historical Baroque monastery library in Wiblingen, Germany.

Introduction: Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B flat major, BWV 1051

“Bach made a gift of the manuscript of these concertos to the Margrave of Brandenburg, and in this manuscript this concerto is the last and that is why it is called the sixth Brandenburg Concerto. But it could also have been the first of these concertos, which Bach had all written in Cöthen. Among musicologists, it is considered as the most traditional, but I am not at all of this opinion. What is sensational in this piece is its use of instruments, since the only solo strings used in the Baroque era were essentially the extroverted violins of Italy or the introverted gambas of France and England. That Bach wrote a concerto for two solo violas, the proletarian among the instruments, the one who never gets to play a solo – that was a social revolution among the instruments.” (Nikolaus Harnoncourt) Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, named after their dedicatee the Margrave Christian Ludwig von Brandenburg, have been part of Nikolaus Harnoncourt’s permanent repertoire ever since he founded his Concentus musicus ensemble. The ensemble has recorded them and played them on their tours throughout the world. The impulse which led Harnoncourt to establish the Concentus musicus in 1953 was his dissatisfaction with the traditional way of interpreting early music. The uncommon and sometimes radically different style of the Concentus musicus, as well as its exclusive use of historical instruments, secured the ensemble its international reputation. Harnoncourt introduces the concerto with a moving and fascinating analysis of the piece. Interesting musical examples, which Harnoncourt inserts in a humorous and relaxed manner, make this introduction an informative and entertaining guide to this masterpiece of music. The production was filmed in the historical Baroque monastery library in Wiblingen, Germany.

Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 6 in B flat major, BWV 1051

“Bach made a gift of the manuscript of these concertos to the Margrave of Brandenburg, and in this manuscript this concerto is the last and that is why it is called the sixth Brandenburg Concerto. But it could also have been the first of these concertos, which Bach had all written in Cöthen. Among musicologists, it is considered as the most traditional, but I am not at all of this opinion. What is sensational in this piece is its use of instruments, since the only solo strings used in the Baroque era were essentially the extroverted violins of Italy or the introverted gambas of France and England. That Bach wrote a concerto for two solo violas, the proletarian among the instruments, the one who never gets to play a solo – that was a social revolution among the instruments.” (Nikolaus Harnoncourt) Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, named after their dedicatee the Margrave Christian Ludwig von Brandenburg, have been part of Nikolaus Harnoncourt’s permanent repertoire ever since he founded his Concentus musicus ensemble. The ensemble has recorded them and played them on their tours throughout the world. The impulse which led Harnoncourt to establish the Concentus musicus in 1953 was his dissatisfaction with the traditional way of interpreting early music. The uncommon and sometimes radically different style of the Concentus musicus, as well as its exclusive use of historical instruments, secured the ensemble its international reputation. Harnoncourt introduces the concerto with a moving and fascinating analysis of the piece. Interesting musical examples, which Harnoncourt inserts in a humorous and relaxed manner, make this introduction an informative and entertaining guide to this masterpiece of music. The production was filmed in the historical Baroque monastery library in Wiblingen, Germany.

Mozart, Violin Concerto No.5 in A major, K. 219

Mozart, who was also an accomplished violinist, wrote all of his five violin concertos in Salzburg in 1775, apparently for his own personal use. Their style can best be described as cosmopolitan and reflects the many musical currents he had been exposed to while on his travels in Italy and elsewhere. Aristocratic, suave, witty, wonderfully melodious, they are dazzling gems that conceal an inner core of challenging material that can be truly mastered only by the very best violinists, such as Yehudi Menuhin. Menuhin was not only a peerless violinist, but also an ambassador of music who contributed with his art to the understanding among nations: Yehudi Menuhin, who as born in 1916 to Jewish immigrants in New York, began giving concerts and making recordings in his earliest youth. For seven decades he traveled around the globe for the sake of music – as violinist, teacher and, increasingly, as conductor. The committed humanist and cosmopolitan Menuhin was one of the first foreign soloists to appear in Germany after 1945. In 1957 he founded his own music festival in Gstaad. He obtained many awards for his musical achievements and died in Berlin at the age of 82 while on a tour of Germany.

Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G major, BWV 1048

“The third Brandenburg Concerto is a kind of demonstration. It is the only demonstration concerto of that quintessential Italian Baroque instrument – the violin. This may sound a little strange, but violas, celli and double basses are nothing but enlarged violins. This string writing – it uses up to nine parts – is so dense! I feel it radiates a southern fullness of sound, a truly Italian feel. The violin is no doubt a southern instrument, and in the last movement of this concerto you can hear the warm Adriatic breeze very clearly.” (Nikolaus Harnoncourt) Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, named after their dedicatee the Margrave Christian Ludwig von Brandenburg, have been part of Nikolaus Harnoncourt’s permanent repertoire ever since he founded his Concentus musicus ensemble. The ensemble has recorded them and played them on their tours throughout the world. The impulse which led Harnoncourt to establish the Concentus musicus in 1953 was his dissatisfaction with the traditional way of interpreting early music. The uncommon and sometimes radically different style of the Concentus musicus, as well as its exclusive use of historical instruments, secured the ensemble its international reputation. Harnoncourt introduces the concerto with a moving and fascinating analysis of the piece. Interesting musical examples, which Harnoncourt inserts in a humorous and relaxed manner, make this introduction an informative and entertaining guide to this masterpiece of music. The production was filmed in the historical Baroque monastery library in Wiblingen, Germany.

Haydn, Symphony No.88 in G major

Haydn is generally seen as one of the main originators of the “Viennese sound”, the inimitable style of playing which is still very much alive today and is particularly cultivated by the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra. This orchestra has Haydn’s music in its blood, and its interpretation of his symphonies demonstrates a supreme confidence, musical sophistication and lightness of touch. As a noted American music critic remarked following a performance of the Oxford Symphony conducted by Leonard Bernstein: “Let’s have no further argument: the Vienna Philharmonic is the world’s greatest orchestra.” Leonard Bernstein began conducting Haydn’s orchestral works when he was still Music Director of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra. Since then, his interpretations of the symphonies have consistently met with unreserved critical acclaim. He, of all conductors, possesses precisely the qualities which Haydn’s music requires: grace, charm and a generous measure of wit.