Commanding the podium with his slender figure, theatrical shock of hair and penetrating blue eyes, Herbert von Karajan projected the hieratic image of the conductor as officiant of some quasi-mystic rite. And anyone who ever saw him conduct live or on his many audiovisual recordings will agree that in his performances, music did indeed become a religion and Karajan its high-priest. Karajan (1908-1989) embodied classical music in the general consciousness as an epoch-making conductor, media star, opera producer, festival director and festival founder. But in spite of his Promethean and widely varied activities, he remained a superb conductor, with a grasp of the standard orchestral and operatic repertory from Mozart to Schoenberg that was unsurpassed among his peers. The Symphony No. 1 was recorded live at the Berlin Philharmonie in 1973.
Bach, Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 in G major, BWV 1048
Though dedicated to the Margrave of Brandenburg in 1721, the six Brandenburg Concertos were most likely neither conceived as a group nor originally intended for the music-loving prince. The works are scored for an ensemble like the one Bach had at his disposal in Köthen, and represent different stylistic and structural principles. The concertos Nos. 1, 3 and 6 call for the interplay of instrumental choruses of equal importance, with specific instruments providing only sporadic moments of solo playing. The concertos Nos. 2, 4 and 5, in turn, present a string foundation above which a variety of solo instruments take their turn in the spotlight, though never overshadowing the lead soloist, a trumpet in No. 2, a violin in No. 4, the harpsichord in No. 5. Recorded in the late 1960s, this interpretation of the Brandenburg Concerto No. 3 impressively confirms Herbert von Karajan’s affinity to Bach, a composer one does not immediately identify with the legendary maestro.
Beethoven, Symphony No.7 in A major, op.92
When, in the mid 1960s, Herbert von Karajan decided to record on film all nine Beethoven symphonies with the Berlin Philharmonic, he began with the “Fifth” and asked the famous French movie director Henri-Georges Clouzot (Quai des Orfèvres) to direct. Recognizing in the music-loving director a kindred soul and master of the symbolic image, Karajan found an inspired partner. In another of Karajan’s first efforts, he asked six directors to “stage” one movement each of a Beethoven symphony. For a full week, the directors had the Berlin Philharmonic and Herbert von Karajan – all in full dress – at their disposal, with all the 35mm film, cameras, lighting and technical assistance they needed. Karajan’s most controversial production was Hugo Niebeling’s highly personal interpretation of the “Pastorale”, with its abstract shots of instruments, rapid rhythms, fade-ins and symbolically arranged colors. Some critics raved: “This music film could have been made by Antonioni, Fellini or Godard.” Karajan pursued his plan with tenacity, and the result is a milestone in the history of music on film: all nine Beethoven symphonies recorded at the peak of Karajan’s powers, unified by the performers but varied through the artistic vision of different directors.
Das Rheingold
World of the gods – world of the earthly elements: Herbert von Karajan has succeeded in forcefully underscoring the contrast between the world of the gods and the earthly realm. The ‘Rhinegold’ already bears within it a foreboding of the ‘Götterdämmerung’. In the Prelude, man – the hero – does not yet appear; what checks the power of the gods are the earthly elements: fire, water and earth. Wotan only appears to be victorious when he enters Valhalla with his fellow gods. The actual victor is Loge. Based on a production from the Salzburg Easter Festival, Georges Wakhevitch has produced stage settings and transformations that support Karajan’s concept with every possible means. The depths of the Rhine are dynamic and full of natural motion, but the inside of the earth – Nibelheim – with its corridors and vaults which lead to Alberich’s realm, also has something organically proliferating about it. With his singers – foremost among them Peter Schreier – Karajan has an ensemble that fully conforms to his intentions. Thomas Stewart is a nobly singing Wotan. Next to him is the grandiose Brigitte Fassbaender als Fricka, a profoundly embittered figure.
New Year’s Eve Concert 1978
Karajan had been appointed music director for life of the Berlin Philharmonic in 1955, and soon the orchestra mastered the entire palette of Karajan’s subtly defined phrasings, moods and orchestral colors. At home in the majesty of Bruckner or the raw power of Beethoven, the orchestra was also able to “let go” and enjoy a rollicking time with Suppé or a Lisztian Hungarian Rhapsody, as the present recording superbly illustrates. For the 1978 New Year’s Eve concert with the Berlin Philharmonic, Karajan put together a program of exclusively popular classical works, pieces that would guarantee a bubbly good time. Following Verdi’s Overture to “La forza del destino” are the two major works of the program, Bizet’s Arlésienne Suite No. 2 and Liszt’s Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2. The Hungarian March, or “Rákóczy March,” from Berlioz’s “La damnation de Faust” never fails to rouse listeners with its dazzling instrumentation. The program closes with the Intermezzo from Mascagni’s “L’amico Fritz” and the ever-popular Overture to “Leichte Kavallerie” by Franz von Suppé.
Prometheus – Poem of Fire
According to the ancient Greek legend, Prometheus brought fire and culture to mankind, thus saving the world from being destroyed by Zeus. Through the ages, this story has inspired countless artists, poets and musicians to some of their grandest creations.
Christopher Swann’s film is based on a 1993 televised concert from Berlin’s Philharmonic Hall.
The program features music by Beethoven, Liszt, Skriabin and Nono based on the legend of Prometheus. The four compositions could not be more diverse in style and conception, representing highly different approaches: from the Prometheus as bringer of plague and destruction to the punished Prometheus chained to a rock.
In this film, Christopher Swann stresses a visual approach to this variety of ideas, using a number of modern film techniques to underscore and illustrate the musical presentation.
Performances by the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra under Claudio Abbado are first-rate, although it is the presence of Argerich that will make this DVD an obligatory purchase.